Thought of Descartes

Yesterday, I was writing about quick summary the basic thoughts in philosophy and which science inventions as an aspect have had urged the philosophy in revolutionary way  and could changed the mind and view of the world globally. Today, I will write a bit about the thought of  Descartes, so it will be like a serial articles which can have deduction at the end to how the philosophy, science and religion can have such of points to unite.

Rene Descartes was a French actually, which born in 1596. Once upon a time, he was became a soldier in Germany and he got a vision via his dream in 1619; a vision that given by God, one parent of science, in management of one person, and accordingly to one method. He thinks and feels that he must carry out that vision.

" Cogito, ergo sum " ( I think, and therefore I exist )

Important writings 

• Discours de la methode ( Description of Method ) in 1637
• Meditationes de prima philosophia ( Meditations of Metaphysics ) in 1641
• Principia philosophiae ( Fundamental Philosophy ) in 1644

Thoughts 

• Skeptical method: Descartes wasn't satisfied with the philosophy which had been exist at his era. A philosophy in less of systematically. He emphasized that the old philosophy was lack of scientific method. Descartes offers " methodical doubts ". With skepticism of all things in universe, could ultimately result in something which is really valid, sure and acceptable in human mind. Therefore, a system of philosophy would be formed as a system of exact science. A method with based on axioms and arranged accordingly by logical steps.
• ' Cogito, ergo sum ' : If I skeptic about a thing, only 1 thing that ca not be denied : the skepticism itself. The newest fresh air brought by Descartes in this term was about the subject's mind as the starting point in his philosophy.
• Subject as the center; Before Baroque's era begins, the truth was always based on power beyond humanity ability-such as church authority, holy book, tradition, state power. In Descartes' minds which making it revolutionary philosophy that human himself who become the power whom carry out and bear the facts. The human, who is thinker is the the world center. Human as the subject of  thoughts.
• Clearly, Positive and Optimistic Opinion : " I think, therefore I exist " ( sounds like '' To Be or Not To Be " ). The optimistic statement of  Descartes. He noted that ratio and intelligence are the big helper to achieve the truth. All things can be seen by eyes being clear and positive opinion, it called the truth.
• Dualism : Descartes relied that there are 3 substances : God, Thoughts ( cogatio ) which refer to soul: the psychological terms, Extent ( extensio ) which refer to science, the materials. Thoughts and Extent in Decrates' opinion that is one unite, but located in different separate facts, but influencing each other through a small gland deep underneath the brain ???

By his minds, the view of universe has changed due to his influence in Copernicus', Newton's, Galileo's which had been strengthened of their theories and scientific inventions of universe.